RS-485: Imported from Wikipedia (overwrite)

2026-05-03T13:53:07Z

Imported from Wikipedia (overwrite)

New page

{{short description|Use of Ethernet in an industrial environment}}

[[File:Locale_RS6_Siemens ESM TP80.JPG|thumb|Industrial [[Ethernet switch]]]]

'''Industrial Ethernet''' ('''IE''') is the use of [[Ethernet]] in an industrial environment with protocols that provide determinism and real-time control.<ref name="inside">{{cite book|last1=Lin |first1=Zihong |title=An inside look at industrial Ethernet communication protocols (Rev. B)|date=2018 |publisher=Texas Instruments |url=http://www.ti.com/lit/wp/spry254b/spry254b.pdf}}</ref> Protocols for industrial Ethernet include [[EtherCAT]], [[EtherNet/IP]], [[PROFINET]], [[Ethernet Powerlink|POWERLINK]], [[SERCOS III]], [[CC-Link Industrial Networks|CC-Link IE]], and [[Modbus|Modbus TCP]].<ref name="inside" /><ref name="Zurawski">{{cite book|last1=Zurawski|first1=Richard|title=Industrial Communication Technology Handbook|date=2014|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1482207323|edition=Second}}</ref> Many industrial Ethernet protocols use a modified [[media access control]] (MAC) layer to provide low latency and determinism.<ref name="inside" /> Some microprocessors provide industrial Ethernet support.

Industrial Ethernet can also refer to the use of standard Ethernet protocols with rugged connectors and extended temperature switches in an [[industrial engineering|industrial]] environment, for [[automation]] or [[process control]]. Components used in plant process areas must be designed to work in harsh environments of temperature extremes, humidity, and vibration that exceed the ranges for [[information technology]] equipment intended for installation in controlled environments. The use of [[fiber-optic]] Ethernet variants reduces the problems of electrical noise and provides electrical isolation.

Some industrial networks emphasized deterministic delivery of transmitted data, whereas Ethernet used [[Carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection|collision detection]] which made transport time for individual data packets difficult to estimate with increasing network traffic. Typically, industrial uses of Ethernet employ full-duplex standards and other methods so that collisions do not unacceptably influence transmission times.

==Application environment==
Industrial use requires consideration of the environment in which the equipment must operate. [[Factory]] equipment must tolerate a wider range of temperature, vibration, physical contamination and electrical noise than equipment installed in dedicated information-technology [[wiring closet]]s. Since critical process control may rely on an Ethernet link, the economic cost of interruptions may be high and [[high availability]] is therefore an essential criterion. Industrial Ethernet networks must interoperate with both current and legacy systems, and must provide predictable performance and maintainability. In addition to physical compatibility and low-level transport protocols, a practical industrial Ethernet system must also provide interoperability of higher levels of the [[OSI model]]. An industrial network must provide security both from intrusions from outside the plant, and inadvertent or unauthorized use within the plant.<ref name=MR04>Perry S. Marshall, John S. Rinaldi (2004). ''How to Plan, Install and Maintain TCP/IP Ethernet Networks''. ISA. {{ISBN|1-55617-869-7}}. pp. 1–4.</ref>

When an industrial network must connect to an office network or external networks, a firewall system can be inserted to control exchange of data between the networks. This network separation preserves the performance and reliability of the industrial network.

Industrial environments are often much harsher, often subject to oil sprays, water sprays, and physical vibrations, so often industrial Ethernet requires a more rugged and watertight connector on one or both ends of the [[Cat 5]] or [[Cat 6 cable]], such as [[M12 connector]]s or M8 connectors, rather than the [[8P8C]] connectors commonly used in homes and businesses.<ref>
[https://www.turck.us/static/media/downloads/WP_Industrial_Ethernet_Connectivity.pdf "Field Guide: Industrial Ethernet Connectivity"].
2017.
</ref><ref>
Dietmar Röring.
[https://www.mouser.com/pdfdocs/PhoenixContactM12_vs_RJ45_White_Paper.PDF "M12 versus RJ45 Ethernet connection systems"].
2014.
</ref>

==Advantages and difficulties==
[[Programmable logic controller]]s (PLCs) communicate using one of several possible open or proprietary protocols, such as [[EtherNet/IP]], [[EtherCAT]], [[Modbus]], [[Sinec H1]], [[Profibus]], [[CANopen]], [[DeviceNet]] or [[FOUNDATION Fieldbus]]. The idea to use standard Ethernet makes these systems more [[interoperable]].

Some of the advantages over other types of industrial network include:
* Increased speed, up from 9.6 kbit/s with [[RS-232]] to 1 Gbit/s with [[Gigabit Ethernet]]
* Ability to use ubiquitous [[Cat5e]]/[[Cat6]] cables
* Option to use [[optical fiber]] for increased distance
* Ability to use standard [[networking hardware]] for wired and wireless communication
* Ability to have more than two nodes on link, which was possible with [[RS-485]] but not with RS-232
* Potential to use [[peer-to-peer]] architectures as opposed to [[client–server]] ones
* Better interoperability

Difficulties of using industrial Ethernet include:
* Migrating existing systems to a new protocol
* Real-time performance may suffer for protocols using [[Transmission Control Protocol|TCP]]
* Additional complexity associated with network technology
* The minimum Ethernet frame size is 64 bytes, while typical industrial communication data sizes can be closer to 1–8 bytes. This [[protocol overhead]] affects data transmission efficiency.

==See also==
* [[Advanced Physical Layer]]
* [[Automotive Ethernet]]
* [[Computer network]]
* [[Distributed control system]]
* [[Fieldbus]]
* [[Human-machine interface]]
* [[Media Redundancy Protocol]]
* [[Modbus]]
* [[Parallel Redundancy Protocol]]
* [[Process control]]
* [[Programmable logic controller]]
* [[SCADA]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120311020405/http://www.industrial-ethernet.org/ Industrial Ethernet Advisory Group]
* [http://www.lammermann.eu/wb/media/documents/real-time_ethernet.pdf Lammermann.eu: Ethernet as a Real-Time Technology]

{{Ethernet}}
{{Automation protocols}}

[[Category:Industrial Ethernet| ]]

[[es:Red industrial#Soluciones con Ethernet]]

Industrial Ethernet - Revision history

RS-485: Imported from Wikipedia (overwrite)