Editing Serial Peripheral Interface (section)

===Advantages===
* Full duplex communication in the default version of this protocol
* [[Push-pull output|Push-pull drivers]] (as opposed to [[open drain]]) provide relatively good signal integrity and high speed
* Higher [[throughput]] than [[I²C]] or [[System Management Bus|SMBus]]
** SPI's protocol has no maximum clock speed, however:
*** Individual devices specify acceptable clock frequencies
*** Wiring and electronics limit frequency
* Complete protocol flexibility for the bits transferred
** Not limited to 8-bit symbols
** Arbitrary choice of message size, content, and purpose
* Simple hardware and interfacing
** Hardware implementation for slaves only requires a selectable shift register
*** Slaves use the master's clock and hence do not need precision oscillators
*** Slaves do not need a unique [[address space|address]]{{snd}} unlike [[I²C]] or [[GPIB]] or [[SCSI]]
*** Masters only additionally require generation of clock and {{Overline|SS}} signals
*** Results in simple bit-banged software implementation
** Uses only four pins on IC packages, and wires in board layouts or connectors, much fewer than [[Parallel communication|parallel interfaces]]
*** At most one unique signal per device ({{Overline|SS}}); all others are shared
**** The daisy-chain configuration does not need more than one shared {{Overline|SS}}
** Typically lower power requirements than [[I²C]] or SMBus due to less circuitry (including pull up resistors)
** Single master means no [[bus arbitration]] (and associated failure modes) - unlike [[CAN-bus]]
** Transceivers are not needed - unlike [[CAN-bus]]
** Signals are unidirectional, allowing for easy [[galvanic isolation]]